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Antarctic Meteo-Climatological Observatory
About Us -> History

History

In December 1985, during the first Italian Antarctic expedition, the Italian party placed the first Italian remote camp (few tents) over some hills overlooking the Terra Nova Bay, looking for the best place to build a new station (named after "Mario Zucchelli"). The first automatic weather station called Eneide was installed at the top of an hill by Andrea Pellegrini; the place was called Campo Meteo. In 1987 Andrea Pellegrini created the Antarctic Meteo-Climatological Observatory with the collaboration of Lorenzo De Silvestri, Roberto Sarao and Paolo Grigioni. Over the years the Observatory has been responsible for installation and management of the official PNRA (the italian National Antarctic Research Program) meteorological instrumentation. In 2002 thanks to the collaboration between Paolo Grigioni and Umberto Gentili, the first database of meteo-climatological data and the first version of the website (htpp://www.climantartide.it) were created. In 2012 Paolo Grigioni become the Principal Investigator of the Observatory.
 
Below a brief description of the Observatory main activities along its Antarctic experience:

XXXVIII Expedition (2022-2023)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Rodolfo Canestrari and Claudio Scarchilli.

Installed at the AWS Eneide the new wooden cover of the battery pack.
The AWS Zoraida was brought back to Mario Zucchelli where the old control unit was replaced with new electronics and sensors and the batteries recharged.
Replaced the old batteries present at the AWS Paola and increased the total power of the system.
The acquisition systems and data transmission procedures for the Vaisala CL61 celiometer, weighing rain gauge and meteorological sensors at Campo Meteo have been modified and improved.
The Vaisala CL61 celiometer celiometer firmware was updated at the new version.

XXXVII Expedition (2021-2022)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Claudio Scarchilli and Daniele Visparelli.

New battery pack installed at the AWS Paola in Talos Dome.
The AWS Modesta on Priestley Névé was lifted about a meter due to snow accumulation.
At Cape Ross the old AWS Arelis, with a 10-meter trellis, was removed and replaced with new electronics and a 3-meter trellis.
At Edmonson Point the old AWS Penguin was removed and replaced with new electronics and a 3-meter trellis with tripod positioning system.
The new Vaisala CL61 celiometer installed at MZS near ELIOSISMOLOGIA shelter few meter far from the OASI laboratory.
Installed at AWS Concordia a new Thies CLIMA Laser Precipitation Monitor, for measuring the precipitation at DC station.
Procedures have been developed to send to Italy data sampled by intrumentations working at ELIOSISMOLOGIA shelter at MZS.

XXXVII Expedition (2020-2021)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Stefano Dolci and Daniele Visparelli.

Antarctic Campaign reduced due to the COVID pandemic.
New battery pack installed at the AWS Alessandra in Cape King.
The AWS Sveva at Mount Melbourne is partially modified and weighted to prevent it from being blown down due to strong winds.
Procedures have been developed to send to Italy Thies Clima Laser precipitation Monitor and MRR Radar data.

XXXV Expedition (2019-2020)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Virginia Ciardini, Stefano Dolci, Paolo Grigioni, Antonio Iaccarino, Marco Proposito and Claudio Scarchilli.

The AWS Zoraida, at Priestly Glacier, was moved about 1000 meters upwind away since it was located in a cracked area.
The AWS Modesta on Priestley Névé was lifted about a meter due to snow accumulation.
The AWS Paola on Talos Dome was lifted about a meter due to snow accumulation.
At Tourmaline Plateau the old AWS Lola, with a 10-meter trellis, was removed and replaced with new electronics and a 3-meter trellis.
On the top of Mount Melbourne, 40 km from MZS, the new AWS Sveva was installed at over 2800 meters above sea level.

XXXIV Expedition (2018-2019)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Stefano Dolci, Paolo Grigioni, Antonio Iaccarino and Claudio Scarchilli.

The AWS Zoraida, at Priestly Glacier, was moved about 1000 meters upwind due to the presence of a huge crevasse in the surrounding area.
The AWS Modesta on Priestley Névé was lifted about a meter due to snow accumulation.
At Cape Phillips the old AWS Silvia, with a 10 meter trellis, has been removed and replaced with new electronics and trellis with tripod positioning system.
The new Vaisala CL51 celiometer installed at MZS near the OASI laboratory.
The new MPS system weighing rain gauge installed to measure summer rainfall at MZS near the OASI laboratory.
Installed at Oasi an new Thies CLIMA Laser Precipitation Monitor, for measuring the precipitation at Mario Zucchelli station.
The Observatory participates to the intensive campaign of the special project WMO YOPP-SH (World Meteorological Organization Year Of Polar Prediction Southern Hemisphere).
The new Vaisala CL51 celiometer installed at DC near the astrophysics measurements area.

XXXIII Expedition (2017-2018)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Virginia Ciardini, Lorenzo De Silvestri, Stefano Dolci, Antonio Iaccarino and Marco Proposito.

At Mount Browning, the 10m trellis of the AWS Maria was replaced with a new one 3 meters on height. The new trellis adopts a three-foot positioning and cable-stay system which allows the station to be lifted more easily if covered with snow.

XXXII Expedition (2016-2017)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Lorenzo De Silvestri, Stefano Dolci, Paolo Grigioni, Marco Proposito e Claudio Scarchilli

At Cape King, the 10m trellis of the AWS Alessandra was replaced with a new one 3 meters on height.
At Sitry AWS Irene has been permanently dismissed and removed.
At Talos Dome AWS Paola has been replaced with a new station similar to that previously installed in Sitry.
Procedures have been developed to send to Italy the images of SkyCam.

XXXI Expedition (2015-2016)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Virginia Ciardini, Lorenzo De Silvestri, Stefano Dolci, Paolo Grigioni e Claudio Scarchilli

Installed at Campo Meteo a SkyCam Moonglow for capturing images of the sky for the study of cloud cover.
The AWS Modesta at the Priestley Névé was lifted because partially covered with snow.
A Micro Rain Radar Metek (MRR) was installed for the measurement of precipitation at Mario Zucchelli above the OASI roof laboratory.
The AWS Virginia was installed at the southern part of Inexpressible Island.

XXX Expedition (2014-2015)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Lorenzo De Silvestri e Riccardo Schioppo

Installed a new anemometric station, Arianna at the Larsen Glacier near the pre-existing aws Lucia.
The AWS Zoraida on Priestley Glacier had a breakdown and was repaired by replacing the hardware.
Installed at Oasi an Thies CLIMA Laser Precipitation Monitor for measuring the precipitation at Mario Zucchelli station.
The AWS Lucia at Larsen Glacier was dismantled and substituted with an AWS equipped with newer instrumentations and hardware

XXIX Expedition (2013-2014)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Lorenzo De Silvestri, Antonio Iaccarino, Marco Proposito e Riccardo Schioppo

AWS Paola, was moved 7 km far from the old site at Talos Dome, near the airstrip close to the camp.
The AWS Giulia at Mid Point, on the Plateau, was lifted due to snow accumulation.
At Priestley Névé, the 10m trellis of the AWS Modesta was replaced with a new one 3 meters on height.
Replaced the American AWS Manuela at Inexpressible Island with a new AWS of the Antarctic Meteorological Research Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison (USA).

XXVIII Expedition (2012-2013)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Lorenzo De Silvestri, Antonio Iaccarino, Claudio Scarchilli e Riccardo Schioppo

Temporarily installed at Campo Antenne, close to the Mario Zucchelli station, a Sodar for 3D wind field study during the summer campaign.
Installed five new AWSs, temporarily named K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, in the area of the new permanent airstrip.

XXVII Expedition (2011-2012)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Lorenzo De Silvestri, Antonio Iaccarino, Claudio Scarchilli e Riccardo Schioppo

Assembled on the ice pack a new portable AWS (model Vaisala TacMet®) close to the Twin Otter airstrip.
Temporarily installed at the Larsen glacier a new instrument to measure the summer snow transport (Snow Particle Counter) in collaboration with Nagoya University.
Installed at Campo Meteo radiometers for measuring longwave and shortwave radiation.

XXVI Expedition (2010-2011)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Antonio Iaccarino, Claudio Scarchilli e Riccardo Schioppo

The AWS Zoraida, at Priestly Glacier, was moved 50 meters away since it was located in a cracked area.
The AWS Modesta on Priestley Névé was lifted about a meter due to snow accumulation.

XXV Expedition (2009-2010)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Claudio Scarchilli, Riccardo Schioppo e Gianluca Venanzi

The station Bravo, moved from the ice pack after its breaking off, was installed on the airstrip at the at Enigma Lake.
Replaced the radio sounding system Vaisala MARWIN® with the newer system Vaisala DIGICORA III®.

XXIV Expedition (2008-2009)
Giuseppe Camporeale, Lorenzo De Silvestri e Claudio Scarchilli

The AWS Rita, at Enigma Lake, was dismantled and substituted because the 10 m trellis was bent down by strong katabatic winds during the winter.
The old AWS Lucia, at Larsen Glacier, was replaced with a newer one.

XXIII Expedition (2007-2008)
Lucia Agnoletto e Umberto Gentili

Realized the new AWS, Alpha, which replaces the older anemometric station. AWS Jennica has been permanently dismissed and removed.
The driftometer was moved from Mid Point to Larsen Glacier and placed close to the one already present at the site.

XXII Expedition (2006-2007)
Lorenzo De Silvestri e Stefano Dolci

Installed a new AWS, Lucia at the Larsen glacier. At the same site, it was installed a new sensors for snow transport measurements.
Installed a new anemometric station, named Enigma, at the Enigma Lake airstrip.

XXI Expedition (2005-2006)
Lucia Agnoletto, Lorenzo De Silvestri, Stefano Dolci, Antonio Iaccarino, Marco Proposito e Claudio Scarchilli

Installed two new instruments for the snow transport measurements, one at the Talos Dome and the other at Mid Point. Developed the software for AWS data acquisition via radio modem and Iridium.

XX Expedition (2004-2005)
Giulia Clai, Stefano Dolci, Umberto Gentili e Marco Proposito

With the XX expedition began the activity of the Observatory at Concordia station built on a site called Dome C. A new radiosounding system and an AWS named Concordia were installed.

XIX Expedition (2003-2004)
Lucia Agnoletto, Lorenzo De Silvestri, Umberto Gentili e Marco Proposito

The AWSs located on the Plateau, Giulia, Irene and Paola, were equipped with a satellite phone IRIDIUM, making communications with the remote sites possible.

XVIII Expedition (2002-2003)
Umberto Gentili, Paolo Grigioni, Andrea Pellegrini e Marco Proposito

Installed a new AWS Paola at Talos Dome. The AWS Sofia was removed from the Nansen Ice Sheet and relocated on the David Glacier. The AWS was renamed Sofiab.
Installed at Midpoint, a sensor for the snow transport measurements.
A wooden chalet was built at Campo Meteo that became the Observatory headquarter during Antarctic expedition and it was nicknamed Villa Pellegrini.
Was created the first version of the website Climantartide with the climatological data collected in Antarctica freely available.

XVII Expedition (2001-2002)
Lorenzo De Silvestri e Andrea Pellegrini

Installed the new AWS at Sitry site. The AWS was called Irene.

XVI Expedition (2000-2001)
Lorenzo De Silvestri, Paolo Grigioni e Andrea Pellegrini

Realized a new AWS to be installed at the Sitry site. The AWS was assembled and tested at Mario Zucchelli Station.

XV Expedition (1999-2000)
Paolo Grigioni e Andrea Pellegrini

Installed a new anemometric station Minni at Browning Pass.

XIV Expedition (1998-1999)
Lorenzo De Silvestri e Paolo Grigioni

Installed a new AWS Penguin at Edmonson Point.

XIII Expedition (1997-1998)
Lorenzo De Silvestri e Paolo Grigioni

Installed two new AWSs: Maria at Mount Browning and Giulia at Mid Point.

XII Expedition (1996-1997)
Lorenzo De Silvestri e R. Siverio

The anemometric station Rita was removed at Enigma Lake and replaced with a newer one.
Installed a new AWS on a the roof of a van used during the International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Exploration (ITASE).

XI Expedition (1995-1996)
Claudio Giudici e Paolo Grigioni

Optimization of the procedures of communication between the AWSs and the Mario Zucchelli Station.

X Expedition (1994-1995)
Lorenzo De Silvestri

Substitution of the power operating system in most of the AWS with enhancement of the supply system.

IX Expedition (1993-1994)
Paolo Grigioni e Roberto Sarao

Installed two new anemometric stations,Alfa and Bravo on the airstrip located on the ice pack.
Installed at Mario Zucchelli Station a ceilometer to measure the height of the cloud base.
Roberto Sarao was involved in a serious accident, during the maintenance of the AWS Lola at Tourmaline plateau. The 1st of July 1997, the PNRA, requested the Committee for Antarctic geographical names to appoint this place as "Sarao Point".

VIII Expedition (1992-1993)
Lorenzo De Silvestri

Installed a new anemometric station called Airport at Enigma Lake.

VII Expedition (1991-1992)
Roberto Sarao

Installed a new AWS, Jennica, at Mario Zucchelli Station.
Upgraded and expanded several AWS memories in order to change from three-hourly to hourly storage time of samples.

VI Expedition (1990-1991)
Lorenzo De Silvestri e Paolo Grigioni

Installed a new AWS Silvia at Cape Phillips. Installed a new anemometric station, Elipad, at the Mario Zucchelli Heliport.

V Expedition (1989-1990)
Claudio Giudici e Roberto Sarao

Installed two new AWS: Lola on Tourmaline plateau and Arelis at Cape Ross.

IV Expedition (1988-1989)
Lorenzo De Silvestri

Installed a new AWS Rita at Mario Zucchelli Station.

III Expedition (1987-1988)
Lorenzo De Silvestri, Claudio Giudici e Roberto Sarao

Installed a new AWS Modesta on the Priestley Névé.

II Expedition (1986-1987)
Andrea Pellegrini e Roberto Sarao

Installed three new AWS: Sofia on Nansen Ice Sheet, Zoraida along the Priestly Glacier and Alessandra at Cape King. Each AWS was equipped with a satellite transmitter (ARGOS) to send the data collected in Italy.
It was also installed a receiver of satellite images (NOAA), an HF receiver for weather maps and a radiosounding system for the acquisition of atmospheric profiles at Mario Zucchelli Station.

I Expedition (1985-1986)
Massimo Frezzotti e Andrea Pellegrini

The first automatic weather station, Eneide was installed at Campo Meteo.